The first step in the process of vision is the conversion of light into signals that can be interpreted in the brain. The retina, the sensory membrane that lines the inner surface of the back of the eyeyball, can suffer from a wide variety of problems, conditions and diseases. Macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common serious, age-related eye disease and numerous studies have been conducted to detect the optimal treatment for this problem.

A group of diseases that damage the eye’s optic nerve which can result in vision loss and blindness. The optic nerve, a bundle of more than 1 million nerve fibers, connects the retina to the brain. A healthy optic nerve is necessary for good vision. Studies have shown that eye pressure is a major risk factor for optic nerve damage (for example the open-angle glaucoma) but also the blood pressure can influence the process of this disease.